印第安纳州和俄亥俄州的布朗隐士项目

布莱恩·福斯特，动物技术员

棕色的隐士(Loxosceles reclusa) can be found in almost any county in the southern half of Indiana and becomes less common as you travel north. 在俄亥俄州, the 布朗的隐士。 is found in the southwest portion of the state and becomes less common as you travel north and east.  寒冷的冬季天气限制了隐居者在北方野外的分布, but some populations accidentally transported outside the natural range may persist in climate-controlled buildings.  一种引进的隐蛛，地中海隐蛛(Loxosceles rufescens), has been documented in both Indiana and Ohio but little is known about its distribution in the bi-state region.  The 布朗的隐士。 and 地中海的隐士。 look almost identical differing at the microscopic level.  

在红色阴影区域之外很少能找到隐士. Such encounters should not be interpreted as a broadening of the species typical range.  地图由Dr. 理查德检查者

识别

The most common means of identification of 布朗的隐士。s is to look for the “violin” pattern on the spiders back (cephalothorax).  这个方法, 虽然在识别上很有用, is not fool-proof because many other species of spiders found in Indiana and Ohio homes have markings on their backs.  以下是识别棕色隐士的一些建议: 

眼睛的安排-棕色隐士有 6只眼睛排成三对或成对. This feature can easily be seen with a good magnifying glass, hand lens, or dissecting microscope. 

大小一只成年的棕色隐士大约有25美分硬币那么大，包括它的腿. 

本研究的预期目标

棕色隐士是一种具有医学意义的蜘蛛.  在极少数情况下，它的咬伤会造成严重的组织损伤.  A better understanding of the distribution of the 布朗的隐士。 in Indiana and Ohio can assist the medical community, 防治虫鼠界, and the general public in avoiding misidentifications and misdiagnoses which could delay proper treatment for other medical conditions.  Dramatized photos and dubious stories on the internet have elevated public concern about 布朗的隐士。s leading the general public to believe the spider occurs throughout the United States. 

如果你正在读这篇文章，把你的蜘蛛寄给我!

In order to better understand where 布朗的隐士。 are found in Indiana and Ohio then please send me your spiders!  If you suspect you have 布朗的隐士。 please send me a specimen for verification.  Compare suspected recluses to the photos provided on this web page to rule out other species.  印第安纳州和俄亥俄州任何地方的蜘蛛都可以接受.  任何有兴趣的人，请把你的蜘蛛寄来鉴定.

Common spiders found in and around homes that are often mistaken for 布朗的隐士。s:

捕捉蜘蛛:

免责声明: bc菠菜导航 and Ohio State University assumes no responsibility for any injuries sustained by individuals choosing to handle live spiders.  Four species of spiders are medically significant in Indiana and Ohio: 布朗的隐士。, 地中海的隐士。, 北方黑寡妇, 南方黑寡妇. 学会辨认这些蜘蛛!

推荐的捕获方法  蜘蛛可以在没有直接接触的情况下被关进容器里.  在罐子和蜘蛛下面滑动一张纸, 然后把罐子倒过来，把蜘蛛轻拍在罐子的底部.  迅速取下包装纸并用盖子密封. 这种方法可以最大限度地减少对蜘蛛的伤害.

用于捕捉蜘蛛的粘/胶陷阱: The best placement of traps is flat on the floor against a wall or other object.  Recluses tend to prefer clutter and relatively undisturbed areas (a garage, barn, basement, attic). Leave traps out for several days or even weeks, and place two or three per room for maximum control. Many traps have space to write information on them -- you can put your collecting information there. 当你拿起陷阱时，一定不要碰到蜘蛛. 它们可以在陷阱中存活数天或数周, 虽然被胶水固定住了, 它们可能还活得好好的，还会咬人. 当陷阱里满是虫子或者蜘蛛的时候, 然后你可以把它们放在一个盒子里, 衬垫，以保护样品在运输过程中, 然后寄出去.  

避免被咬伤

隐士没有攻击性，在受到干扰或威胁时往往会逃跑. 当人们在没有看到蜘蛛的情况下抓住它时，就会意外地被咬伤, 或者当他们在一个隐士居住的地方穿上衣服.  Recluse prefer areas that haven't been disturbed for a long time- clothes you haven't worn in months (especially shoes and gloves), 车库和阁楼上的箱子, 柴堆, 岩石堆, 等. Keeping a few sticky traps where the wall meets the floor in the rooms you inhabit regularly will keep wandering recluses in check and make you feel more comfortable each time you see one stuck helplessly on the trap.

特别感谢博士. Donna Selman授予创建此网页的权限, 安德鲁·霍夫曼摄影, 感谢Maria Forsythe维护本网页.

来源

Dr. 理查德·布拉德利(俄亥俄州立大学)，博士. Kenneth Cramer(蒙茅斯学院，伊利诺伊州)，博士. 理查德·维特(加州大学河滨分校)

链接:

http://department.monm.edu/biology/recluse-project/

http://spiders.ucr.edu/myth.html

http://osumarion.osu.edu/SpiderWeb/ProvisionalSpiderList.htm